Notes:
global recognition 世界的認知度;
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There are several well-known university ranking systems that help compare universities worldwide. These include the QS World University Rankings, which look at factors like academic reputation and international diversity. The Times Higher Education (THE) rankings focus on teaching, research, and international outlook. The Shanghai Ranking, or ARWU, mainly considers research performance, especially publications and awards. Lastly, the U.S. News & World Report emphasizes research reputation and performance.

In Japan, universities such as the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University often rank highly in these systems due to their strong research activities and global recognition. These rankings are useful for students and researchers to understand the global standing of universities, although they should also consider other factors when evaluating these institutions. Japanese universities are well-regarded especially in scientific fields and contribute significantly to global research.
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Notes:
vandalism 芸術の故意の破壊(行為)、暴力行為;
strain (心身の)緊張，力み;

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Overtourism in Tokyo and other big Japanese cities has become a big problem, especially after COVID-19. Places like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka are now very crowded. This has led to issues like vandalism and disrespectful behavior from tourists​​. The overcrowding is putting a strain on the city services and making life harder for locals.

To fix this, Japan is promoting less-visited areas to spread out the tourists. They are investing in better infrastructure and making rules to protect important cultural sites​. For example, Kyoto has limited access to some residential areas and sacred places to cut down on disruptions​​. Local communities are now more involved in managing tourism to make sure it helps both the economy and the people living there​ .

These efforts aim to balance the good economic effects of tourism with practices that are sustainable. By doing this, Japan hopes to lessen the bad impacts of overtourism and build a stronger, more resilient tourism industry that benefits everyone in the long run.
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