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It’s time to take out the winter clothes and put away the summer clothes. In the last few days, the warm weather has disappeared. The daytime is not so cold, but you have to be careful at night. The temperature can drop down below 10 degrees. You can go out during the day without a jacket, but you won’t be warm enough after the sun goes down. The sudden change in temperature makes it easy to catch cold, so dress warmly. Of course, if you are in northern Japan, it is already much colder and you are preparing for snow.　(by Prof. Douglas Jarrell)
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Notes:
LED (Light-emitting diode) 順方向に電圧を加えた際に発光する半導体素子のことである;
separately 別々に;

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This year, the Nobel Prize in Physics has gone to Akasaki Isamu, Amano Hiroshi, and Nakamura Shuji for their work on blue LEDs. They did research separately, but they all helped to make LED lighting possible. Usually the prize for physics goes to research that seems very far from everyday life, but this time the prize is very easy to understand. LEDs have changed the world so much. LEDs use much less energy and last longer than older types of lighting. Traffic lights and flashlights are made with LEDs now, and LEDs light up computer and smartphone screens. (by Prof. Douglas Jarrell)
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